mindmap root((无谓)) supererogatory implies a giving above or beyond what is required by rule and may suggest the adding of something not needed or not wanted: an abrupt man who regarded the usual pleasantries as ~. gratuitous may apply to a voluntary giving without expectation of return: provided ~ services; but usually applies to something offensive or unpleasant given or done without provocation: a ~ insult. uncalled-for implies a gratuitous impertinence or logical absurdity: resented her ~ advice. 又如uncalled-for jealousy无谓的妒忌 wanton implies not only a lack of provocation but a malicious, arbitrary, or sportive motive: the ~ destruction of property by vandals.